Research Notes

Style Guides

AGPS = Australian Government Publishing Service

AMA = American Medical Association

APA = American Psychology Association

Australian Journalism = Australian Journalism (in progress)

Australian Legal = Australian Guide to Legal Citation

CBE = Council of Biology Editors

CSE = Council of Science Editors

Chicago = Chicago University

Harvard = Harvard University

IDRC = International Development Research Centre

IEEE = Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers

MLA = Modern Language Association of America

Turabian = Kate Turabian (simplified Chicago)

Vancouver = Vancouver

Broad Indicators

	APA	CSE CBE	Chicago-HUMAN	Chicago-SCI	IDRC	MLA	Turabian	AGPS	Harvard
Biology
Business
Criminal Science
Development
Economics
Environment & Biodiversity
Fine Arts
Food & Agriculture
Health
History
Humanities
Information & Communication
Language
Law
Literature
Mathematics
Medicine
Natural Resources
Natural sciences
Philosophy
Political Science
Psychology
Science & technology
Social Science

Style Guides

Australian (AGPS)

AGPS = Australian Government Publishing Service 1994, Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers, 5th edn, AGPS, Canberra (replaced by 6th edn, 2002)

http://australia.gov.au/publications/style-manual

5th Edn Style Manual http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/5958646

Uni of Qld on AGPS https://www.library.uq.edu.au/_/sites/default/files/storage/webfile_read...

Monash Law http://guides.lib.monash.edu/law/citingandreferencing

AMA Manual of Style (Medical)

AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors. 10th ed. 2007 Available online.

This is a guide to the most frequently used reference types, based on the online AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors

http://libguides.hsl.washington.edu/ama

http://libguides.hsl.washington.edu/c.php?g=99161&p=642457

http://libguides.hsl.washington.edu/c.php?g=99161&p=642308

http://libguides.hsl.washington.edu/c.php?g=99161&p=642330

http://libguides.hsl.washington.edu/c.php?g=99161&p=642357

http://libguides.hsl.washington.edu/c.php?g=99161&p=642386

Citing medicine

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7256/

Medical journals

http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/

CSE / CBE (Biology)

CBE = sixth edition of Scientific Style and Format: The CBE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, published by the Council of Biology Editors (now the Council of Science Editors) in 1994

The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers

Scientific Style and Format Online, 8th Edition http://www.scientificstyleandformat.org/Home.html

CBE Style Guide https://www.lib.washington.edu/help/guides/42CBE.pdf

CBE Style Manual https://www.umuc.edu/writingcenter/onlineguide/chapter5-20.cfm

Scientific Style and Format

The CBE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers

AUTHOR: Edward J. Huth

DATE PUBLISHED: November 1994
AVAILABILITY: Unavailable - out of print April 2004
FORMAT: Hardback
ISBN: 9780521471541

http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/general-science/science-ha...

New Mexico State University notes http://lib.nmsu.edu/depts/reference/documents/CBEstyle.pdf

Google http://books.google.com.au/books/about/Scientific_Style_and_Format.html?...

Scientific Style and Format: The CBE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers

Cambridge University Press, 1994 - Science - 825 pages

1 Review

Scientific Style and Format: the CBE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers, Sixth Edition, is a detailed and authoritative manual recommending both general and scientific publication styles and formats for journals, books, and other forms of publication. It covers all sciences, not just biology and the medical sciences, and both American and British preferences are recognised. Every author of a scientific paper or book will profit from this essential resource. Editors and publishers engaged in the sciences, students in the sciences, and translators of scientific papers destined for English-language publication will also find this manual an invaluable resource. It is far more up-to-date, more specific, more authoritative, and easier to use than any other reference to scientific style and format.

CSE Council of Science Editors Citation Style http://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/DocCSE.html

Harvard (Author-Date)

Monash Harvard http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835365

IDRC International development

IDRC Manual

old version

http://www.idrc.ca/EN/Resources/Tools_and_Training/Manuals/Developing-an...

http://www.idrc.ca/EN/Resources/Tools_and_Training/Manuals/Integrated-Cl...

http://www.idrc.ca/EN/Resources/Tools_and_Training/Manuals/CBRM-by-Desig...

http://www.idrc.ca/EN/Pages/default.aspx

Download http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/11553/1/96841.pdf

http://idl-bnc.idrc.ca/dspace/handle/10625/11553

IEEE Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers

Monash IEEE http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835487

MLA Modern Language Association of America (Humanities)

MLA = The MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (7th ed., New York: Modern Language Association of America, ????).

MLA = The MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing (3rd ed., New York: Modern Language Association of America, 2009).

http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/library/mla.pdf

https://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/mla.pdf

http://webster.commnet.edu/writing/writing.htm http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/

http://library.bridgew.edu/maxweb/pdf/MLAStyle2009.pdf

http://library.bridgew.edu/maxweb/pdf/annotatedBibliographyMLA.pdf

Monash MLA http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835488

Turabian Simplified Chicago

Turabian = Turabian, Kate L. A manual for writers of term papers, theses, and dissertations 6th ed. / rev. by John Grossman and Alice Bennett. Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 1996

http://library.bridgew.edu/maxweb/pdf/Turabian2014.pdf

Vancouver Biomedical

https://www.library.uq.edu.au/training/citation/vancouv.pdf

Other Links

Monash Law http://guides.lib.monash.edu/law/citingandreferencing

Monash AIP http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835486

Monash APA http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835402

Monash Chicago http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835389

Monash Harvard http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835365

Monash IEEE http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835487

Monash MLA http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=2835488

Monash Vancouver http://guides.lib.monash.edu/content.php?pid=346637&sid=3171016

A great overview University of Queensland

https://www.library.uq.edu.au/infoskil/styles.html

Which referencing style should I use?

Unfortunately there is no standard style used at UQ. In some cases there is a standard style used by a particular school or discipline, but even in those cases it is still possible that a particular lecturer may require a different style. Students should check their course profile or ask their lecturer.

Researchers submitting a paper for publication in a journal should check the journal's Instructions for Authors, which will normally be available on the journal's website.

For guidance on some common problems, see our referencing FAQs.

Guides to Referencing Styles

1. Major Referencing Styles: ACS — AGLC — AGPS/AGIMO — AMA — APA — Chicago — CSE (CBE) — Harvard — IEEE — MLA — Vancouver

2. Referencing Styles of UQ Schools and Disciplines

Major Referencing Styles

Referencing Guides of UQ Schools and Disciplines

The following schools have their own official referencing guides.

Caution: Even if you are a student in one of these schools, you should still check which referencing style your lecturer prefers.

ACS (American Chemical Society)

The style manual of the American Chemical Society is now in its third edition. It is widely used in chemistry and related disciplines.

The ACS manual gives instructions for numbered referencing and also for in-text (Harvard style) referencing.

ACS 3rd ed. -- Full details (6 MB)

AGLC (Australian Guide to Legal Citation)

This is now the standard Australian guide for referencing in Law. It is a footnote style and includes detailed provisions for referencing statutes, case reports and other legal materials.

Australian Guide to Legal Citation (3rd ed.) -- Full details

AGPS/AGIMO

This is the standard Australian style manual. It has been published in various editions over many years. Originally it was published by the Australian Government Publishing Service, and now it is published for the Australian Government Information Management Office. The latest edition (2002) was prepared by the consultants Snooks & Co.

This manual is widely used by Australian publishers. It forms the basis for the UQ Library Harvard style. The manual also contains provisions for numbered reference lists and footnote referencing.

AGPS/AGIMO ("Snooks & Co") 6th ed. -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
AGPS/AGIMO ("Snooks & Co") 6th ed. -- Full details (1.5 MB) or usesearchable PDF (3.2 MB)

AGPS 5th ed. -- UQ Library "How To" Guide

AMA (American Medical Association)

This style is widely used in medicine, especially in journals published by the American Medical Association.

Guides to the AMA style can be found at various sites on the web:

APA (American Psychological Association)

This is the standard style used in Psychology, but it is also widely used in other disciplines, especially in the Social Sciences. It is one of the many variants of the Harvard style.

APA (American Psychological Association) 6th ed.-- UQ Library "How To" Guide
APA (American Psychological Association) 6th ed.-- Reference Examples from APA Publication Manual (1 MB)
APA (American Psychological Association) 6th ed.-- Reference Examples from APA Publication Manual as searchable PDF (1.9 MB)

APA (American Psychological Association) 5th ed. -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
APA (American Psychological Association) 5th ed. -- Full details: Inserting references in the text
APA (American Psychological Association) 5th ed. -- Full details: Compiling the reference list (3.6 MB) or use searchable PDF (28.9 MB)
APA (American Psychological Association) 5th ed.-- Electronic References -- Full details

Chicago Manual of Style

The Chicago Manual of Style is the most widely consulted of all style manuals. It includes provisions for footnote referencing, numbered reference lists and author-date referencing.

The Chicago Manual's footnote referencing system is widely used in the arts and humanities. Its author/date referencing provisions are also widely used, and constitute one of the many variants of the Harvard style.

Chicago Manual of Style 15th ed. (footnote referencing) -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
Chicago Manual of Style 15th ed. (author/date referencing) -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
Chicago Manual of Style 15th ed. -- Full details: Basic principles of referencing
Chicago Manual of Style 15th ed. -- Full details: Specific publication types

The 16th edition of the Manual was released in 2010 and is now available online.

CSE (Council of Science Editors)

The manual of the Council of Science Editors (CSE) is now in its seventh edition. It was first issued in 1960 by the Council of Biology Editors and is still sometimes referred to as the CBE manual. It is widely used in the life sciences, and its provisions are applicable to other scientific disciplines also.

The CSE manual recommends a numbered referencing system, where the reference list is arranged alphabetically by author and numbered accordingly.

CSE 7th ed. -- Full details (14 MB)

Harvard

Harvard is a generic term for any style which contains author-date references in the text of the document, such as (Smith 1999). There will also be a list of references at the end of the document, arranged by authors' names and year of publication. There is no official manual of the Harvard style: it is just a generic term for the many styles which follow that format.

The UQ Library Harvard Style is based on the AGPS/AGIMO style manual. The latest edition of that manual is the 6th edition (2002).

Harvard 2002 -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
Harvard 2002 -- Full details from AGPS/AGIMO Style Manual (1.5 MB) or usesearchable PDF (3.2 MB)
Harvard (Gatton Campus) -- UQ Library "How To" Guide

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

The IEEE is the major professional body and publisher in the fields of electrical engineering and computer science. Their style manual is widely used in those disciplines. It uses a numbered reference list.

The IEEE Computer Society has its own style manual, which is based on the IEEE manual but differs in some respects.

MLA (Modern Language Association of America)

The MLA style is widely used in the fields of modern literature and linguistics.

MLA referencing uses Harvard-style references in the text of the document, but without the year of publication.

The MLA style is published in two different publications: MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing and MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. These two publications contain identical guidelines for referencing.

MLA 3rd ed. (Manual) and 7th ed. (Handbook) -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
MLA 3rd ed. (Manual) and 7th ed. (Handbook) -- Full details: Citing sources in the text (0.7 MB) or use searchable PDF (1.1 MB)
MLA 3rd ed. (Manual) and 7th ed. (Handbook) -- Full details: Preparing the list of works cited (4.4 MB) or use searchable PDF (5.6 MB)

MLA 2nd ed. (Manual) -- UQ Library "How To" Guide
MLA 2nd ed. (Manual) -- Full details: Citing sources in the text (1.5 MB)
MLA 2nd ed. (Manual) -- Full details: Preparing the list of works cited (3.2 MB)or use high quality scan (28 MB)

Vancouver

Vancouver is a generic term for a style of referencing widely used in the health sciences, using a numbered reference list.

There is no official manual of the Vancouver style, but the US National Library of Medicine's style guide is now considered the most authoritative manual on this type of referencing.